parts of attack and defence in body Jumeok (fist)

Usually the jumeok (fist) is formed by clenching the fingers and its forms are broken

down into 6 main types according to its usage in Taekwondo techniques : jumeok

(fist), deungjumeok (fist back fist), mejumeok (hammer fist), pyonjumeok (flat fist),

sosumjumeok (knuckle protruding fist) and jipkejumeok(pincers fist).

The jumeok in Taekwondo is a simple form of fist clenching the fingers firmly folding

into the palm and only the fist joint parts of first finger and middle finger are used

for punching

-. Usage

a jumeok is applied to the punch technique.

-. Precautions

1. The fist should not be bent at the wrist but kept on a straight line

between the fist-back and the fore-arm-back.

2. An extended line in between the knuckles of forefinger and middle

finger must be kept on a straight line with the forearm.

3. The hand-back and the first-joints of clenched fingers should form a

right angle.

It is not easy to make a right form of this fist, naturally requiring

strenuous efforts.

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bodily vital parts

All parts of the human body are used for offense and defense techniques in Taekwondo.

In executing Taekwondo techniques, power comes from the body trunk; however,

the arms and legs are employed to strike the target parts of the opponent's body,

although the hands and the feet play the key roles.

The applicable parts of the body in Taekwondo are classified as follows:

applicable parts of the body :

targets of attack 

-olgul (face)

-montong (trunk)

-arae (underneath)

used in cffence and defencse

- jumeck (fist)

- son(hand)

- palmok (forearm)

- palkup(elbow)

-bal (foot)

-jeonggangyi (shin)

-mureup (knee)

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The Principles of Sports Instruction

In sports practice, over time, the principles of didactics, have had specific issues, regulating and directing the work of training developing-motor and intellectual education for athletes [9]. These are general rules that guide the whole activity of framework the sports training. Thus:

• The principle of adaptation to progressive effort - which refers to the gradual increase of efforts and to the compliance with the didactics principles: from easy to difficult, from simple to complex, from the known to the unknown, giving the body the opportunity to adapt easily. Initially, we will increase the amount of effort in order to achieve quantitative accumulations of intensities which enable the subsequent growth and quality leaps. Looking from the point of view of teaching, a TAEKWONDO instructor or master teaches athletes a wide range of technical exercises that will form the basis of sports. After the study of Blazquez Sanchez , the mechanical approach based on the model champion, is not possible because a newcomer cannot execute perfectly the procedures, so the technique must be decomposed into simple, facilitating elements, to gradually return to the complete execution;

• The principle of compensation and over-compensation or restitution - which highlights the importance of the pause (recovery restoration) to obtain overcompensation and thus homeostasis, a new equilibrium state superior to the previous one;

• The principle of training cycle - is caused by the phased form of sports, which is the periodization training base (during the preparatory, competitive, transition phase and off season). These cycles can be repeated several times a year or from one year to the next,but at a progressively up level;

• The principle of individualization - on which dosing the effort is attempted according to the level and features of each athlete, for the valuing of all the athlete’s skills, to obtain a maximum output;

• The principle of motivation - comes as a coronation of the other principles, where the capacity of engaging psychic energy can influence and even determine performance. The reasons for practicing sports activities are intrinsic (the pleasure caused by the respective work, the need for affirmation, etc.) and extrinsic (recognition, reward, etc.) These principles regarded as the basic ideas on which the structure of the educational process is founded are inducing the following

characteristics:

1. Objective - through which expresses subjective desires, not the coach’s, formulated as momentary requirements, but the training needs to scale the learning process, its entirety;

2. Regulatory - revealed by rules and specific requirements and ensuring the correlation between knowledge and action & between theory and practice educative.

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The Concept of Didactics in taekwondo

                      

               

TAEKWONDO is a korean unarmed combat system whose traditional history traces its ancenstray back 2000 years . It is extremely popular. Since the early 1960’s, TAEKWONDO has flourished in the United States, and become one of the most common forms of self defense training, replacing many Judo, Karate, and Kung Fu schools of past decades. Canada has a large TAEKWONDO following as well as the United Kingdom. TAEKWONDO is also very popular in Australia. It is difficult to say where it is “most popular” since you can find very dedicated, loyal,

and skillful practitioners all around the world. Certainly Korea, the US, Canada, and the UK are all very close in their popularity andpractice of TAEKWONDO. The number of WTF members is currently 205 , with an estimated global population practicing TAEKWONDO of 55 million

practitioners .Taekwondo is a unique a sport in that the master and student forge a symbiotic relationship . Through a proper instructive educational process, TAEKWONDO develops a harmonious, balanced individual, the development is physical (“Tae” and “Kwon”) and mental

(“Do”). For those who choose TAEKWONDO, perseverance, self-discipline and self-control are the main benefits. Practitioners learn a lot about themselves, about their skills and how to combine physical and mental aspects in solving all the problems of daily living.So today we are witnessing an increase in sports performance, due to a sweeping knowledge from different fields of science that

have entered the science of training athletes; the entire learning - educational process is conducted to a higher level, taking into account the body’s biological substrate, the ability to adapt, the biomechanics movement and the effort biochemistry. Athletes are always facing increased requirements imposed by the evolution of technique and tactics sport.  TAEKWONDO is a philosophy of education, the coaches acting as tutors, as moral counselors. In a modern society, learning dangerous fighting techniques cannot be separated from teaching regulations and dojang moral rules, ubiquitous in the practice of TAEKWONDO. Furthermore,TAEKWONDO is transmitted to practitioners, primarily as a desire for peace and only then as a combat sport . Although students can build physical strength and skills under the tutelage of a TAEKWONDO master, it is the philosophical foundation of TKD that makes the student a “whole athlete” . The learning problems have far exceeded the sports branch framework, a multi-and pluri - disciplinary approach,

linked to concepts such as “development”, “growth”, “adaptation”, “growing up” being necessary today. Development is a generally valid law, connected to the process of learning, assimilating, selecting, processing and to the processing of basic information on which the

behavioral methods are structured.

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